Grigg, R.B. and Siagian, U.W.R.:
“Understanding and Exploiting Four Phase Flow in Low Temperature CO2 Floods,”
paper SPE 39790 presented at the 1998 SPE Permian Basin Oil and Gas Recovery Conference, Midland, 23-27 March.

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Abstract

This paper reviews the effect of multiphase flow on mobility control in CO2 flooding of oil reservoirs. It then presents experimental data on Sulimar Queen reservoir oil and CO2 injection. Swelling tests for CO2 and oil are performed in a visual PVT cell to identify saturation points and non-aqueous two- and three-phase regions. Slim tube tests used to determine the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) at three temperatures (78°F, 95°F, and 138°F) are presented. The slim tube tests are also used to show temperature and pressure effects on the development of miscibility.